Visual And Contextual Analysis Of Vincent Van Gogh s The...

A Formal Visual and Contextual Analysis of Vincent Van Gogh’s The Starry Night When I first saw Vincent van Gogh’s painting of The Starry Night, I was immediately drawn to the peaceful luminescent stars emanating outward like vibrant yellow halos into the captivating striking blue sky. I felt a sense of calm and tranquility as the bright orange moon shone intently over the serene village below. The sprawling mountain range, grassy hills and fields of wheat intensified this feeling as a soft wind swept through the countryside. Under the immense stars and vibrant night sky, the people of the village sleep soundly in their cottages. This painting exudes an overwhelming feeling of calmness and peace in my mind. In Vincent van Gogh’s renowned painting, The Starry Night, the vast night sky dominates the background space of the painting. The brightness of the eleven stars, with their yellow celestial glow illuminate the night, blanketing the sleepy, rural village below. Far from the glaring lights of the urban landscape, the pureness of the stars’ radiance floats effortlessly above, lulling the people of the quaint village to sleep. Hovering in the upper right hand corner is a brilliant orange crescent moon, which contributes to the warm mood and aesthetic value of the piece. Mountains, rolling hills and wheat fields surround the cottages as though nature itself is getting a sleepy respite from a long day, much like the townspeople. Toward the forefront of the painting are

Ancient Civilization And Modern Day Iraq And Kuwait Essay

Ancient Sumerian Civilization The ancient civilization of Sumer was located in modern-day Iraq and Kuwait, and is believed to have begun around 6000 B.C. It is considered ‘The cradle of civilization’ by most historians, because it’s where the first elaborate urban societies appeared. Sumerians were polytheistic, and had a pantheon consisting of many gods and goddesses, who were anthropomorphic superhumans. The Sumerians held a unique view of creation, the afterlife, and worship. They contributed one of the most well known literary works â€Å"The Epic of Gilgamesh†, which tells of a hero’s quest to attain immortality. Within the Sumerian pantheon there were hundreds of gods, but four were deemed the most important. This included An, god of the heavens, Enlil, the air god, Enki, the water god, and Ninhursag, the mother goddess. It seems at one time An was seen as the greatest of all the other gods, but later on Enlil took his place as the supreme deity. Enlil was seen as â€Å"th e father of the gods,† who brought good weather and abundant crops (Kramer,1963). Enki was credited for creating the earth, and also saves man during the great flood by telling him to build an ark just like the biblical flood account. Enki was also known for bringing wisdom and craftsmanship. Ninhursag was a fertility goddess who brought nature and life to earth (Mark, 2011). The Enuma Elish, tells the story of creation and the struggle for order between the gods. It begins with two separate waters swirlingShow MoreRelatedThe Middle East And The European Powers Changes During The Eighteenth And Nineteenth Centuries1294 Words   |  6 Pageseighteenth and nineteen century. For example, the book â€Å"Sources in the History of The Modern Middle east† gives us some of the events that happened in the Middle East during nineteen century such as; Central Political Reforms and Local Responses 1. The Hatt-I-Serif Decree Initiates the Tanzimat, or Reform, Period in the Ottoman Empire, November 3, 1839 2. An Ottoman Government Decree Defines the Official Notion of the â€Å"Modern† Citizen, June 19, 1870 3. Mirza Malkum Khan Satirizes Iran’s Central GovernmentRead MoreThe Islamic Republic Of Iran1617 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom Egypt and Greece in the west to modern cultural identity day India in the East. Iran’s diverse history has manifested into a unique that has put Iran’s political objectives in conflict with many of its Middle Eastern neighbors and Western Civilization. Historians place human activity within Iranian borders as early as 30,000 B.C.E. There were several pre-Achaemenian civilizations found in Iran, the Elamites and the Meds. The Elamite civilization dates back to 4200 B.C.E. and survivedRead MoreThe Mesopotamia And The Nile River Valley1596 Words   |  7 PagesI chose the Mesopotamia and the Nile River Valley. These two civilizations are two of the most favorable ancient civilizations. Although these civilizations are similar in many ways, the small, but impacting differences it what makes these two civilizations stand out the most. The Nile River Valley was located in northern Africa in a country called Egypt. Mesopotamia was located in modern day Iraq, Iran, Syria, Kuwait, and parts of Turkey. The origin of Mesopotamia comes from the meaning â€Å"betweenRead MoreNotes On The s Destiny Disrupted1526 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween these two factions has resulted in differences in worship as well as political and religious vie ws. 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A rising star in the revolutionary Baath Party, which espoused secular pan-Arabism, economic modernization, and socialism, Saddam (see 2 regarding names) played a key role in the bloodless 1968 coup that brought the party to powerRead More The Iran-Iraq War Essay3022 Words   |  13 PagesIran-Iraq War While the Iran-Iraq War during the 1980s may have permanently altered the course of progress in Iran and Iraq, the war also altered the resulting permanent involvement of the rest of the world in the middle-east. The rich and complicated history in Iraq has established numerous cultural and ethnic traditions that all play a part in where the country is today. The Iran-Iraq War brought into focus some of those traditions and how they conflicted, while also bringing Iraq and itsRead MoreIslam : A Western Culture And Many Authors Have Failed2279 Words   |  10 PagesSaudi Arabians consider homosexuality to be a Western culture and many authors have failed to agree on the argument that it found its way from the western countries into the Middle East after and during the offensive in Iraq (Ilkkaracan 58). Considering the strict cultural values of the Muslim lifestyle, homosexuality has no place in the region. Islam is the predominant religion of the region and the way of life is firm ly rooted on the teachings of the Quran. The practice goes against the decreeRead MoreLight Pollution : A Science Journalist At New Statesman Essay1649 Words   |  7 Pagespicture for the reader of the night sky with billions of stars twinkling and making them feel in awe at what they are imagining. He goes from there to explain the origination of Western astronomy starting with the Mesopotamians, then moving on to more modern science from the Babylonians and Assyrians. From there, Chowdhury explains the Bortle scale, which is a scale that measures the amount of light pollution in a specified area. He inserts a video decpicting examples of the Bortle Scale, with differentRead MoreArab Culture - Essay6842 Words   |  28 Pagescountries where Arabic is the dominant language. †¢ Arab countries are religiously and ethnically diverse with Islam being the dominant religion in most countries. †¢ 22 Arab countries/areas: Algeria, Bahrain, the Comoros Islands, Djibouti, Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Mauritania, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. †¢ Iran and Turkey are not Arab countries. ARAB GEOGRAPHY The Arab â€Å"homeland† stretches some 5,000Read MoreAsia: the Worlds Largest and Most Popular Continent4519 Words   |  19 PagesSouthwest Asia – The Middle East including Turkey, Iran, Cyprus, Israel, and Lebanon. ETYMOLOGY Asia was originally a concept of  Western civilization.[14]  The place name, Asia, in various forms in a large number of modern languages is of unknown ultimate provenience. Its etymology and language of origin are uncertain. It appears to be one of the most ancient of recorded names. A number of theories have been published. English Asia can be traced through the formation of English literature to Latin

Ethics in Religion free essay sample

â€Å"If there is no God, then everything is permitted† – Dostoyevky If there is no God, then surely everything is permitted and there will be situation of moral chaos. This is because people will try to define what is moral by themselves and people somehow will define it differently according to their internal and external factors. Without God, there is no good and evil, there are only subjective opinions that we then label â€Å"good† and â€Å"evil. † RELIGION MUST BE THE BASIS FOR MORALITY. No doubt religion must be the basis of ethics and it is undeniable. Why it is because religion is the most solid basis to explain morality. All religions have moral components and religious approach to ethical issues supported by divine teaching. With the clear guidelines that has been underline in holy books, revelations that mostly come from supernatural and divine teaching is not something man-made. For example, divine book of Islam Al-Quran lays the principles that help Muslims achieve salvation, become better individuals and useful members of society. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethics in Religion or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The book has underlined almost everything from how one should serve Allah to even how to do business. Next, God’s law is not only meant to create harmonious environment but also to test His believers’ upon their loyalty. Most religions always discuss about life after death. Human are accountable to all their action during their lifetime and it will be paid in hereafter. The concept of paradise and hell in Islam can be a motivational and sanction factors to Muslims to perform a good and avoid bad conducts. The concept of God’s existence will make belief that everything that you do will be paid, definitely. For example, the concept of karma in Buddhism and the concept of Judgement Day, Paradise and Hell in Islam. Besides that, the reason why religion is must be the basis of morality is because there will be no conflict of interest in defining what is right or wrong. The secular point of view on what can be classified as a moral conduct is based on only motive, act and consequences, which is somehow, may be biased. It only depends on the result and consequences of their conduct such as the famous quote by Machiavelli – â€Å"the ends justify the means†. What is morally right to do is based on what they think is right eventhough they may discriminate other people. For instance, the apartheid issue in United States is the question of moral. The forth reason why religion must be the basis of morality is that the view of God commands is good and what has been prohibited is evil. It has been explained by Divine Command Theory. The Divine Command Theory is the view on morality that what is right is whatever God commands. We know the sets of what is good and what is bad through religion, and their content are whatever our religion says it is. The believers hold that values come from some higher power or supernatural being. It shows that the determinant of what is good or bad is not based on normal human thinking by themselves as what has been practise by atheist but rather by some higher power or supernatural being. For example, the Universal Declaration Of Human Rights by United Nation that uphold the concept of LGBT is contradict with Islam that surely will lead to destruction of mankind. Lastly, no doubt that religious sanction has harmonious relationship between reasons and revelation. Most religions have certain sanction to their believers and the relevance of the sanctions is definitely has solid reasons. The atheists may argue with this sanctions but what they don’t understand is the ultimate reason it been introduced. Through the concept and belief in the existence of God, the believers will follow those sanctions for the reasons of their God will watch and judges every action and there will be rewards and punishments. For example, in pre-Islamic Arabia killing of female infants was very common and very often, the moment a female was born, she was buried alive. However, after the spread of Islam in Arabia, this evil practice has been discontinued for a good reason. CONCLUSION The argument that does we need to subscribe to a religion in order to be a good person is never ending. Obviously, people can certainly maintain ethical perspectives and subscribe to ethical principles and behaviour without engagement in religious or spiritual beliefs, institutions, or practices. Religious engagement and practices encourages and supports clean living. Research has consistently found that religious people are less likely to engage in criminal behaviour, marital infidelity, alcoholism, unprotected sexual activity as well as being more likely to engage in good social behaviours such as volunteerism and charity. REFERENCES * Stephen Satris, CLASHING VIEWS IN MORAL ISSUES, McGrawHill * Regina Wentzel Wolfe, ETHICS AND WORLD RELIGIONS, Orbis Books. * Joe Jenkins, ETHICS AND RELIGION, Heinemann.

The Spanish Conquest Essay Example

The Spanish Conquest Essay The Spanish conquest of the Aztecs in 1521, led by Hernando Cortes, was a landmark victory for the European settlers. Following the Spanish arrival in Mexico, a huge battle erupted between the army of Cortes and the Aztec people under the rule of Montezuma. The Aztecs are a tribe, according to their own legends, from Aztlan somewhere in the north of modern Mexico. A major part of their life was religion. A polytheistic people, they often practiced human sacrifice to please their gods . The Aztecs had good wealth from trading and heavy payments of tribute from conquered people. According to legend, the god Quetzalcoatl, characterized by light skin, red hair, and light eyes, was supposed to return to earth. This appearance is very similar to Hernando Cortez’s appearance, and why the Aztecs greeted the Spaniards with food, gold, and women one of them, known to the Spaniards as Dona Marina, becomes Cortes mistress and interpreter . In November 1519 when Cortes approaches Tenochtitlan, the capital of the Aztecs, his small force is augmented by 1000 Tlaxtalecs . But to the astonishment of the Spaniards, no force is needed. Cortes wasted no time in taking claim for god and King. He challenged the natives and entered Tenochtitlan, taking the Aztec leader, Montezuma, hostage which led to the Aztec uprising that culminated in La Noche Triste . The Spaniards had the advantage over the Aztecs in every way except for numbers. They had strange animals that the Aztecs had never seen before such as the horse, which they thought were connected to the Spaniards. We will write a custom essay sample on The Spanish Conquest specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Spanish Conquest specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Spanish Conquest specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The horses allowed the Spaniards to tower over the battling Aztecs giving them an advantage on spotting on coming attacks. The Spaniards also had guns, swords, cannons, and metal shields to protect their bodies . The Aztecs didn’t try to kill the Spaniards but instead tried to use them as sacrifices. They’d beat them with their wooden weapons or throw spears at them to injure them. Despite Cortes’s encountering a few setbacks, there was no contest, and he managed to subdue five million Aztecs with his tiny army. Not only did they beat the Aztecs in battle, the diseases syphilis and smallpox helped them by killing off half of the Aztecs . Aside from this negative aspect of the European discovery of the New World, the Spaniards had some positive effects on the native population. They introduced domestic animals like horses, sheep, cattle, and pigs to the American Continent. Furthermore, they brought sugar, and different kinds of grains and fruits with them.

Energy Crisis Essay Example

Energy Crisis Essay Example Energy Crisis Essay Energy Crisis Essay Every state in the universe uses energy. For illustration: to cook. It is going one of the basic demands in life. But where does the energy semen from? In the twelvemonth 2008. 85 % of the power that we are utilizing was unrenewable energy. which means that someday. these energies will be gone. However. right now. there are people who have started utilizing renewable energy such as solar energy. There are more than 7 billion people in the universe right now and it will maintain lifting while the energy resources are consuming. Even though there are many energies that are renewable. the renewable energies are harder to do usage of. which is one of the grounds why non many people use them. Besides. they require some advanced engineering. If we don’t happen something else to replace oil. coal and natural gas. we won’t have the energy to utilize in the hereafter. One of the signifiers of the renewable energy is solar energy. Solar energy utilizations energy from sunlight to make energy for our place. Sunlight is a clean. renewable resource. There are many ways to acquire energy from sunshine. such as the photovoltaic ( PV ) panels. change overing sunlight into electricity and solar electricity. utilizing the sun’s heat to bring forth electricity. Solar cells. or the photovoltaic panels. convert sunlight straight into electricity. We can frequently happen solar cells in reckoners and tickers. Since solar cells are made up of semiconducting stuffs. stuffs whose conduction will increase with temperature. sunshine will lose their negatrons. leting the negatrons to flux through semiconducting stuffs to bring forth electricity when sunshine is absorbed. Solar electricity is separated into three sorts: parabolic-trough. dish/engine. and power tower. Parabolic-trough concentrates the sunshine through mirrors. The mirror will be tilted towards the Sun. heating the oil that is fluxing in the pipe inside the panel. Heated oil will so be used to boil H2O to bring forth electricity. The dish/engine is a dished mirror that will roll up heat from sunshine and reassign it to the fluid within the engine. The heat would do the fluid to spread out and bring forth mechanical power. A power tower system uses a big field of mirrors to concentrate sunshine onto the top of a tower. This heat will run salt that flows through the receiving system and the salt’s heat will be used to bring forth electricity through a conventional steam generator. With different sorts of solar panel. the monetary value varies in the scope from $ 5. 000 to $ 30. 000. depending on the effectivity and the sum of energy you use. Even though the solar panels are expensive. many people still use them since they think that solar energy is energy-efficient and green. One of the advantages solar energy has is being renewable. Equally long as there are populating things on this planet. there will ever be solar energy since we get solar energy from sunshine. Even though sunshine is non present at dark. the solar energy could still be stored by bear downing the batteries during the twenty-four hours and be used at dark. We could so acquire more sunshine on the following twenty-four hours. Furthermore. solar energy creates perfectly no pollution or noise. unlike other machines. It doesn’t damage the environment by breathing nursery gases or fouling H2O. air or land. By utilizing this beginning of energy. the air will be cleaner and it helps halt the planetary heating. Other than this. in the long term. the solar energy is much cheaper than the energy resources we are utilizing now. Even though it is expensive. ab initio the care demand is really little and the service life is around 30 old ages. The chief disadvantage of solar energy is that it is highly expensive. This is largely why presents. non many people use solar energy. The monetary value is unaffordable. Furthermore. since our universe is polluted. the rain or the clouds could barricade sunshine from acquiring to the panels. doing it uneffective. With a cloudy clime. the panels will be able to bring forth sunshine at a slower rate and may necessitate more panels to bring forth adequate electricity for your house. which will necessitate more money. Even though utilizing solar energy in houses might non necessitate immense sum of country. large edifices do. To utilize the solar panels to their maximal ability. they need to be in the Sun. With bigger edifices. you will necessitate many more panels and to acquire them to work to their maximal ability. you will necessitate a immense sum of country for the panels to be in the sunshine. Even though solar energy has some disadvantages. the advantages still overweight the disadvantages since energies are running out and this solar energy is everyplace. If we can acquire all of the energy that was sent to this planet. we could illume the full planet for one twelvemonth within an hr. But the job with this is we can’t. If we can happen a manner to reap this energy. we can hold every bit much electricity as we want until the terminal of the human coevals. Right now. there are many renewable energies that scientists have found but they are non yet the best manner to work out the energy crisis. Therefore. scientists are still seeking for new signifiers of energy. Dark energy is another signifier of energy that is really utile to mankind. In the existence. it is composed of up to 74 % dark energy. What is dark energy? Dark energy is the unexplained force that causes the acceleration of the enlargement of the existence. Even though there is no grounds that the dark energy does be. people agree that it does since they believe that the existence had a beginning. and is spread outing. Other than dark energy. the submerged force per unit area can be another utile energy resource. Beneath the H2O surface. there is a possible changeless beginning of fresh hydroelectric power in the signifier of deep H2O force per unit area. Harmonizing to Rick Dickson. he had invented a manner to reap this deep H2O force per unit area by reassigning its force per unit area to air and so to a Piston. The name of this procedure is called Ocean Pressure Electric Conversion . Therefore. as we know. the dark energy and the hydroelectric power are really powerful ; if we could acquire dark energy by utilizing a similar manner to the manner we get solar energy and reap the H2O force per unit area. I’m positive that we would neer run out of energy once more. Plants Cited World Energy Crisis. World Energy Crisis. N. p. . n. d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //planetforlife. com/ gt ; . Disadvantages Of Solar Energy. Natural A ; Renewable Energy Sources – Clean Energy Ideas. N. p. . n. d. Web. 11 Nov. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. clean-energy-ideas. com/articles/disadvantages_of_solar_energy. hypertext markup language gt ; . Disadvantages of Solar Power – Solar Energy Disadvantages – Disadvantages of Solar Energy. Go Green with Solar Energy. N. p. . n. d. Web.

Russell Surname Meaning and Family History

Russell Surname Meaning and Family History Russell is a common patronymic surname derived from the given name Rousel, old French for someone with red hair or a ruddy complexion. Russell is the 93rd most popular surname in the United States and England, and the 47th most common surname in Scotland. Surname origin:  English, Scottish, IrishAlternate surname spellings:  Russel, Rusell, Roussell, Ruessell, Roussel, Ruessel   Famous People With the Surname Robert C. Russell - Inventor of the Soundex system for indexing names by the way they soundJames Russell - Invented the compact disk (CD) in 1965 Where Is This Surname Most Common? According to surname distribution data from Forebears, the Russell surname is among the top 100 most common surnames in a number of countries, including The Bahamas (15th), Scotland (60th), Australia (68th), New Zealand (72nd), the United States (87th), England (90th), and Jamaica (91st). In England, the name is most commonly found in the southwestern counties- Kent, Sussex, Hampshire, and Surrey. WorldNames PublicProfiler identifies Australia as the country where the Russell surname is most common today, as well as in Scotland, particularly in South and North Lanarkshire, West Lothian, Falkirk, and Clackmannan. Genealogy Resources Russell  family crest: Contrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Russell  family crest or coat of arms for the Russell surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male-line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.Russell family genealogies: Links to descendant genealogies for a number of early Russell families in the United States.Russell family genealogy forum: Search this popular genealogy forum for the Russell surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Russell query.FamilySearch - Russell genealogy: Explore over 5.6  million  historical records which mention individuals with the Russell surname, as well as online Russell family trees on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.GeneaNet Russell  records: GeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources f or individuals with the Russell  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. The Russell  genealogy and family tree: Browse family trees and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the last name Russell  from the website of Genealogy Today. Sources Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Proposal for purchasing new computers Case Study

Proposal for purchasing new computers - Case Study Example The new monitor has a wider screen than the older one and is very sleek which helps in saving the space on employee’s desk for other purposes. The new monitor enables employees to work on more than one application and window at a time and the speed of shifting from one window to another is even quite high which saves time. The new monitor is produced from LED technology which is energy efficient and will help the company in saving money in form of energy. The new CPUs (Central Processing Units) can operate on both Windows 7 and Widows 8, these windows provide new features to employees which will assist them in creating spreadsheets and conducting other operations related to the accounts department. These new Windows operate a much higher speed as compared to the obsolete ones which are running on Windows XP. These new computers have enhanced security systems which safeguards the work conducted by the employees of the accounts department and fights viruses and spyware issues. HP Business Desktop Pro 6300 B5N09UT Desktop Computer Intel Core i3 i3 2120 33GHz Micro Tower by Office Depot Officedepot.com (2012a) HP Business Desktop Pro 6300 B5N09UT Desktop Computer Intel Core i3 i3 2120 33GHz Micro Tower by Office Depot. [online] Available at: http://www.officedepot.com/a/products/614333/HP-Business-Desktop-Pro-6300-B5N09UT/#firstTab [Accessed: 27 Dec 2012]. Samsung S23B300B 23 Widescreen LED Backlit Monitor Glossy Black by Office Depot Officedepot.com (2012b) Samsung S23B300B 23 Widescreen LED Backlit Monitor Glossy Black by Office Depot. [online] Available at: http://www.officedepot.com/a/products/281614/Samsung-S23B300B-23-Widescreen-LED-Backlit/#firstTab [Accessed: 27 Dec

Compare Recruitment Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Compare Recruitment Strategies - Essay Example All organizations should therefore, be cautious and selective in the selection process since any mistake at this stage may at times have a long lasting consequence including high recruitment, development, and training costs. Effective recruitment will minimize the high incidences of employee turnover, improve the employee performance, and improve employee morale. Consequently, the organization will be in a position of meeting its goals and objectives. In order to achieve this, the organizations have adopted an employee recruitment strategy, which I have discussed. According to Schuler, recruitment refers to â€Å"the set of activities and processes used to legally obtain a sufficient number of qualified people at the right place and time so that the people and the organization can select each other in their own best short and long term interests† (Schuler, 1987, p. 267). There are two main methods of employee recruitment, which are internal recruitment and external recruitment. The internal involves job promotion, the transfer of existing personnel, or referrals. This method is carried out through job posting, which is a job enrollment strategy that includes enlisting advertisements on physical and bulletin boards, corporate newssheets and via office memos. However, it is not always that the company will achieve the high quality of employees, which they were looking for in the recruitment exercise. Alternatively, the organizations can employ a second strategy known as the external recruitment strategy. The external recruitment strategi es may take various forms such as job adverts on the internet, magazines, newspapers, and journals. In addition, the organizations can use the employment agencies to recruit the best talent from other organizations publicizing on the web, or via trade fairs as well as college enrollments (Cascio, 2010). Various advantages are associated with internal recruitment. One of them is that, the potential employee is well known in advance

Indigenous Health Essay Example for Free

Indigenous Health Essay The poor health position of Indigenous Australians is a contemporary reflection of their historical treatment as Australia’s traditional owners. This treatment has led to Indigenous Australians experiencing social disadvantages, significantly low socio-economic status, dispossession, poverty and powerlessness as a direct result of the institutionalised racism inherent in contemporary Australian society. Indigenous populations have been the carers and custodians of Australia and the Torres Strait for a period in excess of 60,000 years before being invaded/colonialised by the British on January 26, 1788 (Hampton Toombs, Racism, colonisation/colonialism and impacts on indigenous people, 2013). Before this time, it is suggested that Indigenous Australians lived relatively affluent lives and enjoyed generally better health than most people living in Europe (Hampton Toombs, Indigenous Australian concepts of health and well-being, 2013). The arrival of introduced diseases, especially smallpox, caused considerable loss of life among Indigenous Australians. The impact of this is loss extended far beyond the immediate victims of disease, affecting the very fabric of Indigenous societies through depopulation and social disruption (MacRae, et al. , 2012). Whilst introduced diseases were the most substantial part of the Indigenous Australians mortality, death caused by direct conflict also contributed significantly (Elder, 2003). Traditionally, Indigenous Australians had complete autonomy over all parts of their lives such as, ceremonies, spiritual practices, medicine, social relationships, management of land and law and economic undertakings (Saggers Gray, 1991). In addition to the impacts of introduced diseases and conflict, Indigenous Australians also experienced ill effects related to disconnection from Country due to the spread of colonists and their subsequent political policies. For an Indigenous Australian, Country is not just physical territory but the central aspect of their identity (Hampton Toombs, Racism, colonisation/colonialism and impacts on indigenous people, 2013). Occupation and colonialism impacted far beyond the physical, as Indigenous Australians had their culture devalued, traditional food sources destroyed, and were separated from their families and in some cases entire communities were dispossessed. This led to disruption or loss of languages, beliefs and social structures which form the underlying basis of Indigenous cultures. These impacts, prompted British colonists to develop several different political policies of institutionalised racism to address the real and perceived issues regarding Indigenous Australians. The first of these policies was Protectionism (1788 – 1890’s). Prior to Protectionism British colonies practiced exclusion as they assumed ‘Terra Nullius’ and seized control of the land, evicting Indigenous Australians from their traditional Country. The negative impacts this had on Indigenous Australians eventually forced colonial authorities to establish â€Å"Aboriginal protection boards† (Hampton Toombs, Racism, colonisation/colonialism and impacts on indigenous people, 2013). The first was established in Victoria by the Aboriginal Protection Act of 1869, with the other colonies following with similar legislation, to protect Indigenous populations within their boundaries (Parliament of Victoria, 1869). The protection provided under the various Acts imposed enormous restrictions on the lives of many Indigenous Australians. These restrictions included dictating where Indigenous Australians could live and not live, and set out limitations on movement, marriage, employment, earnings and ownership of property. The child welfare provisions of the Acts underpinned the removal of Aboriginal children from their families and communities by compulsion, duress or undue influence (State Library of Victoria, 2014). The National Inquiry into the separation of the children concluded that between one-in-three and one-in-ten Indigenous children were forcibly removed from their families and communities in the period from approximately 1910 until 1970 (Wilkie, 1997). It was the 1960s, at the earliest, when the various protection Acts were either abolished or discontinued. In the early 1890’s, protectionism gave way to state and commonwealth government regimes of segregation. In the development of the constitution, politicians included sections specifically excluding Indigenous Australians, such as the white Australia policy, ensuring that racism became entrenched in the new nation’s future. Reserves and missions were set up far from white settlements, to exclude and control Indigenous Australians, especially those of mixed descent (Hampton Toombs, Racism, colonisation/colonialism and impacts on indigenous people, 2013). By the 1950’s all state governments invoked a new policy called assimilation (1950’s – 1960’s), which aimed to eliminate Indigenous cultures, religion and languages. Assimilation was based on the belief that if living conditions were improved, Indigenous Australians were to be absorbed into White Australian society (Hampton Toombs, Racism, colonisation/colonialism and impacts on indigenous people, 2013). After the failure of the assimilation policy, governments aimed their sights towards Integration (1960’s 1980’s). Integration was a step towards multiculturalism by allowing Indigenous Australians and non-Anglo European immigrants to keep certain aspects of their culture whilst conforming to mainstream white Australian society. During 1970’s Indigenous Australians were beginning to become acknowledged as Australian citizens, this led to the development of the self-determination and self-management (1970’s-1990’s) programs (Hampton Toombs, Racism, colonisation/colonialism and impacts on indigenous people, 2013). These policies were based on the slow acceptance of multiculturalism and the beginnings of Indigenous Australians involvement in Australian politics, although the actual amount of self-determination available to them was limited. When these polices were found to be ineffective the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation (CAR) was established in 1992 to overcome differences and inequities between Indigenous Australians and the wider Australian community (Hampton Toombs, Racism, colonisation/colonialism and impacts on indigenous people, 2013). The Reconciliation movement (1990’s-present) seeks to advocate for Indigenous Australians rights, their place in our shared history and to establish economic independence among Indigenous Australians in order to promote equality for all Australians (Hampton Toombs, Racism, colonisation/colonialism and impacts on indigenous people, 2013). Whilst government policy appears to be moving in the right direction, we are still a long way away from Indigenous autonomy and self-determination. All of these policies had a very detrimental effect on the health of Indigenous Australians both in terms of physical and mental health issues, many of which have continued through to contemporary times. Perhaps the most poignant of these impacts are those that have resulted from the Stolen Generations. There is much dispute surrounding when colonial authorities began removing Indigenous children from their families and communities, although many experts believe that it was very soon after the establishment of the British colony in Australia (Duffy, 2000). Children with Indigenous mothers were seen to be legally ‘neglected’ at birth, and removed from their families, communities and in most cases their culture, to be ‘raised right’ up until the latter part of the 20th Century (Hampton Toombs, Racism, colonisation/colonialism and impacts on indigenous people, 2013). Because of these practises, many Indigenous Australians have deep psychological and mental health issues that continue to plague them today. Modern literature tells of many instances of suicide and ongoing identity issues, emerging from the torment of being disconnected from family, culture and country. The status of Indigenous Health has been impacted severely by the Stolen Generations and other past Government practises. For many Indigenous Australians, the ongoing effects of protection and the forced separation of children from their families compound other social, emotional and physical disadvantages (Wilkinson Marmot, 2003). These disadvantages are embodied by the Social determinants of health, including; economic opportunity, physical infrastructure, and social conditions that influence the health of individuals, communities, and societies as a whole. Inequalities in these are especially evident in education, employment, income, housing, access to services, social networks, connection with land, racism, and incarceration rates (McDonald, 2010). In all of these factors, Indigenous Australians experience substantially lower rates than non-Indigenous Australians, with the most worrying being that Indigenous Australians have a significantly lower life expectancy rate and overall health status, than their non-Indigenous counter-parts. These inequalities, combined with the social attitudes towards Indigenous Australians and their health in contemporary Australian society, contribute to the difficulties Indigenous Australians have accessing adequate healthcare. It is also difficult to provide adequate healthcare for Indigenous Australians as many service providers do not understand how Indigenous Australians conceptualise health. Until recently, there was no separate term in Indigenous languages for health as it is understood in western society (Eckermann, 2010). The traditional Indigenous perspective of health is holistic. It encompasses everything important in a persons life, including land, environment, physical body, community, relationships, and law. Health is the social, emotional, and cultural wellbeing of the whole community and the concept is therefore linked to the sense of being an Indigenous Australian. This conceptualisation of health has much in common with the social determinants model and has crucial implications for the simple application of a medical model as a means of improving Indigenous health. Whilst the purely medical approach is undoubtedly useful in identifying and reducing disease in individuals, but its limitations in addressing population-wide health disadvantages, such as those experienced by Indigenous people, must be recognised. It is important to remember that policies and practises of the past have had major adverse impacts on the health of contemporary Indigenous Australians, and these impacts have contributed significantly to the inequalities present in Indigenous and non-Indigenous health status. However, whilst health disadvantages experienced by Indigenous Australians are considered to be historical in origin, the perpetuation of the disadvantages relies heavily on contemporary structural and social factors.

Pocahontas Essay -- History Native Americans

Pocahontas Introduction [1] Disney’s Pocahontas has understandably received a lot of flak about the historically inaccurate story that is told about the legendary Pocahontas and Captain John Smith. There is a good reason for that. The movie does little that can be construed as historically accurate, yet Disney claims that was never their intent. Disney, in their previous movies, has been attacked for being racist and unsympathetic to racial minorities. Their answer was a movie whose sole purpose, as stated by Disney, was to promote racial tolerance. The question is, then can a movie promote racial tolerance when the issue is built on false history, history that if told accurately would depict the exact opposite? [2] First, I feel that it is important to establish exactly what Disney’s intentions were in making the film. Secondly, I intend to show that Disney provided enough historical information that it is questionable whether or not one can assume that they were trying to teach history, history that is specifically aimed at children. Lastly, I will show that the real story of Pocahontas was not about racial tolerance, that it was not about understanding one’s culture, but it was in fact about trying to change one’s culture. Disney’s Intention [3] From the movie’s start Disney has been preaching innocence about trying to accurately depict history. Disney, in their press kit, expressed that, â€Å"Pocahontas is a story that appealed to us because it was basically a story about people getting along together†¦ which is particularly applicable to lots of places in the world today† (Pocahontas 33). In addition, Thomas Schmucher, who is the senior vice president of Disney feature animation, says, â€Å"It is a... ... 11 June 1995: 46. Muldoon, Paul. â€Å"Barbie, but no Bimbo.† Times Literary Supplement 13 October 1995: 21. â€Å"Pocahontas: Press Kit.† Burbank: Walt Disney Pictures, 1995. Rasmussen, William, and Robert S. Tilton. Pocahontas: Her Life and Legend. Charlottesville: Virginia Historical Society, 1994. Rollins, Peter C., and John E. O’Connor, eds. Hollywood's Indian: The Portrayal of the Native American in Film. Lexington: UP of Kentucky, 1998. Rosenstone, Robert A. Visions of the Past: The Challenge of Film to Our Idea of History. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1995. Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. The Disuniting of America. New York: Norton, 1992. Turan, Kenneth. â€Å"Disney Tries Again to Find the Magic; The Kids May Like it but the Adult Viewers May Feel that Pocahontas is More By-The-Numbers than Inspired.† Los Angeles Times 16 June 1995: 1.

Gender Equality

â€Å"Gender equality is more than a goal in itself. It is a precondition for meeting the challenge of reducing poverty, promoting sustainable development and building good governance. † (Kofi Annan) In Paulette Jiles's poem, â€Å"Paper Matches† and in Judith Ortiz Cofer's poem, â€Å"The Changeling† the theme described is gender roles. In the two poems the women do not feel appreciated. These two poems are very similar in theme, content, and figurative language. However, the structures of the two poems are very different.Jiles and Cofer both use symbolism, dialogue, figurative language, nd imagery as instruments to reflect the cruelty of the women during these times. In Paper Matches, Jiles uses the simile of a match to display the irritation and anger of the gender roles forced when she was a child. Matches are tiny, insignificant items that are sold in packages, and one is interchangeable from another. They have no use unless they're lit; they're only good fo r one flame. These connotations roughly pare down what the author saw as woman's condition in society.It seemed to her that women were hardly more than servants and not allowed much individuality. Another facet of the match-comparison is that matches are passive. Someone strikes up a flame with it, but matches can't do anything on their own decision. Jiles' anger is displayed by the final two lines, â€Å"We come bearing supper, / our heads on fire. † This continues the match-metaphor, but also implies anger directly resulting from the servitude involved in bringing in supper. If someone's angry, they might be called â€Å"hot-headed,†Ã¢â‚¬â€œJiles' women's heads are fguratively on fire, they're so incensed at their position.Something slightly ironic in the image is that the match's/women's usefulness starts at their heads. In the male-dominated society Jiles describes, omen's heads–brains–wouldn't be very valued. That their heads are on fire in the end s uggests that their anger at their position is borne out of the fact that they can think, reason and realize the limitations being placed on them, and this in turn suggests a basis for women's equality and the injustice of their situation in this poem.The poem, â€Å"The Changeling† by Judith Ortiz Cofer, is a dramatic monologue that describes the life of a little girl who is â€Å"wing† for her father's love and attention (line 2). The girl who does not seem to be noticed by her father invents a game that ould make him notice. Yet , the father is â€Å"baffled and amused† by her actions(line 5. ) In â€Å"The Changeling†, the speaker tells her audience that they were â€Å"molding me into boy shape† (line 8).This line is for the most part an image because it is a specific detail that appeals to the senses. An image that helps imagine something beyond just a thought. This image is visual as we can actually see something being molded into a specific shape. Denotation is an important part of understanding fgurative language, for it gives the reader the literal meanings of the words used. Molding eans to work into a required shape or form and to have influence in determining or forming. This image is very significant to the theme of the poem.It shows that the young girl wants to be a boy to make her father happy and she is willing to totally change her â€Å"shape† to make this happen. There are three main points to consider when determining if a piece of literature is worthy of being placed in the canon. The piece ot literature must nave a perceived aesthetic value, nave historical or cultural significance, and have longevity or subsequent influence on other works of literature. The poem â€Å"The Changeling† has these qualities and therefore should be part of the canon.This poem has aesthetic beauty. It contains symbols, imagery, and ambiguities that help tell its' true story. The poem is also full offgurative lan guage, which adds to the beauty. The poem contains both historical and cultural value. It contains information about a great Argentinian revolutionary leader and describes how woman lived and were valued not only in society generally but also inthe hispanic culture. Because the poem has both the aesthetic and cultural value, contributes to the third point of being included in the canon. Gender Equality What instances in society influenced the change in acceptance of women while playing sports and doing other nontraditional things?Rational: I want to study gender roles in society today, because I’d like to further understand when it became acceptable for women to play more male dominated sports. I also want to understand why some women chose to play the sports they did, the criticism they got, and how playing the sport may have changed the way they were viewed within their community. Summary:Today women playing more male dominated sports has become much more acceptable. Women all around are playing â€Å"rougher†sports. 30 years ago you’d never hear of a girl stepping onto a football field, playing baseball, basketball, soccer, or hockey. Society has slowly accepted women into the sports world, by acknowledging successful athletic women.Prediction:While researching this topic, i think I’ll find out more women were looked down upon while male dominated spo rts, and praised while succeeding in more feminine sports. I think women were looked down upon while playing male dominated sports because they’re considered outsiders. I hope to discover that women have and will continue to succeed and push past the stereotypes that restrict them. Athletics is kind of a double-standard for women..we’re supposed to be athletic yet feminine. Sources:â€Å"Atta Girl! A Celebration of Women in Sports† Alexandra Powe Allred. â€Å"A to A of American Women i Sports† Paula Edelson. â€Å"The Girl Who Threw Butterflies† Mick Cochrane. â€Å"U.S. Women's Gymnastics Wins Team Gold Medal At London Olympics† Chris Greenberg, The Huffington Post.Discussion: People should care about this topic because social acceptance is a must for a society to thrive. By playing sports, women explore uncharted territories;  and while succeeding in sports women show men that they can perform just as well as any male can, and can conti nue to excel. It’s important for women to develop this form of independence and nonconformity in order to gain some self confidence, and believe in themselves.

The Bank of England and The Chancellor

Never again could the Chancellor conflict with the Bank's recommendation in setting loan fees, as Conservative Chancellors had every so often done (King, 1997). New Labour changed the institutional system in one vital way: it conceded operational control over money related strategy to the recently made Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) of the Bank of England. Strategy lucidity was planned to impact expansion desires and it was prosperous in accomplishing falling inflation regardless falling joblessness both when the 1997 election. Moreover, New Labour proceeded with the Conservative approach of declaring an inflation target and publicizing the counsel of the Bank of England on the fitting settings for a financial strategy to accomplish the objective.One may expect that the Labour left would not be so fulfilled this was to be sure an issue, as clarified underneath. As (Burnham 2001) has contended, this institutional change tended to the focal issue of â€Å"Old Labour† which had been caught on two sides, â€Å"unfit to meet the exclusive standards of its conventional supporters and exchange association aggressors or persuade budgetary capital of the fidelity of its financial arrangements†. In the money related markets, the government would just lose on the off chance that it looked to go astray from the Bank's recommendation; alternately, the choice to exchange operational control of loan costs to the Bank secured a prompt vote of certainty from the business sectors.This suggested hitting the expa nsion target called for soundness in yield and work around their ‘characteristic' or â€Å"non-quickening inflation† levels. Allocating an inflation focus to a national bank may give off an impression of being especially in the monetarist custom. While monetarists had favoured a â€Å"decreased frame† record of inflation as dictated by cash supply development, New Keynesians received ‘basic' models in which a money-related boost would go through the genuine economy to influence firms' value setting choices. Inflation is demonstrated as the aftereffect of wage value progression caught by Phillips Curves. A few Labour MPs required the Governor's resignation and trade unions likewise participated in reprimanding the larger part of the MPC for keeping interest costs too high.One choice about the formation of the FSA created debate. In this manner interest rates policy and inflation focusing on turned into the focal means for directing the financial cycle. On the off chance that ‘value strength' implied resource cost and in addition consumer value dependability, at that point the national bank should address obvious disequilibria, for example, house value bubbles. One issue with this approach concerned the development of benefit costs. This emerged from Labour's choice to exchange obligation regarding keeping banking supervision from the Bank of England to the FSA. Not long after Labour came to control, the then Governor inferred that activity misfortunes were an adequate cost to pay for checking house value expansion in the south (Wighton and Tighe, 1998). In any case, this contention can be turned on its head: without information of the condition of the monetary markets, the Bank can't appraise the impact of interests rate change (Goodhart and Schoenmaker, 1995). (Peston 2006) displays the two standard contentions at the time regarding why keeping banking supervision should be exchanged, one in view of specialized viability and the other on bureaucratic governmental issues. Surely the Conservative Chancellor, Nigel Lawson, saw the decision between financial approach focuses on a ‘moment arrange' choice (Oliver and Pemberton 2004), an appraisal resounded by (Hall 1993). The specialized contention is that the Bank's money related approach capacity may clash with monetary strength, if, for instance, an ascent in interest rates required for value dependability would put banks or different organizations in financial trouble. If an economic declined lingered, this implied inflation would decrease and loan fees ought to be sliced to empower the economy; on the other hand, if the economy seemed to be overheating, interest rates would go up.

Darwin- The Origin of Species essays

Darwin- The Origin of Species essays On the Origin of Species, by Charles Darwin, is a scientific abstract about revolutionary ideas on evolution and the diversity of species from the evolutionary process. This book was originally a personal journal while Darwin was touring onboard the ship H.M.S. Beagle as the naturalist. The ship sailed along the west coast of South America and stopped by islands that were later called the Galapagos Islands. Darwin discovered new sub-divisions of species that were on mainland South America and started hypothesizing on how so many different kinds of sub-divisions could occur. He eventually formed the journal into an informal scientific abstract and let colleagues, who later urged Darwin to publish the abstract, read and critique his ideas. The book was published in 1859 and within fifteen years of the publication the majority of the scientific community accepted Darwin's ideas as fact. Darwin wrote on his ideas that included new insights on the processes of evolution, gradualism, population speciation, common descent, and natural selection. Natural selection is probably the most unique and radical idea about which Darwin wrote, but his other insights were also to play an important role in how the scientific community would view evolution and heredity from that period onward. Darwin's outlook on evolution, besides the fact that it was actually plausible, was much different than his colleague's views. For one, Darwin believed that it took different mechanisms for the process of evolution. In Origin, he explains that instead of evolution taking place over the span of just a few generations like most evolution-supporters thought, it takes a very long time and for innumerable small occurrences for change in a species. This idea of gradualism also led to many changes in the field of geology. According to Darwin, for this kind of slow evolution to take place the history of the earth would have to be extremely long. Before 1...

5 Other Online Dictionaries

5 Other Online Dictionaries 5 Other Online Dictionaries 5 Other Online Dictionaries By Mark Nichol Regular Daily Writing Tips readers know that I often extol Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, the dictionary of record for the American publishing industry. Despite its apparent casual acceptance of nonstandard spellings, it’s an authoritative resource as is its Internet version, Merriam-Webster Online. But plenty of alternatives exist; here are five interesting and helpful variations on the lexicographical theme. 1. The Alpha Dictionary This portal features links to hundreds of foreign-language dictionaries and glossaries, as well as numerous specialty dictionaries and glossaries covering specific subjects like chocolate, jewelry, and weather, and more resources like thesauruses and collections of quotations. 2. The Free Dictionary Enter a word at The Free Dictionary, and you’ll get not only definitions from various dictionaries but also citations of the word in quotations, a translation tool to find the word’s foreign-language equivalents, and lists of related terms. The site also has starts-with and ends-with search functions and an option to call up a list of terms in which a particular word appears in the definition. In addition, you can look up acronyms and idioms and search encyclopedias, foreign-language dictionaries, and specialized dictionaries. 3. OneLook.com This dictionary offers more than just definitions of words you type in; it also enables a variety of tip-of-the-tongue searches: To return words and phrases beginning or ending in a certain word, type in that word followed by or preceding an asterisk, or type the first couple of letters of a word followed by a colon and any complete word to produce a list of words and phrases starting with those letters that pertain to that word. (For example, at:air brings up not only atmosphere but also â€Å"attic fan† and atomization.) Or, precede an acronym or initialism with expand: to find phrases these abbreviations stand for, and more. 4. Wordnik Wordnik collects definitions from numerous other dictionary websites, as well as displaying online citations of the word to provide context. 5. YourDictionary This plain-English resource provides easy-to-understand definitions. For example, the meaning of atmosphere, rendered at Merriam-Webster Online as â€Å"the gaseous envelope of a celestial body (as a planet), the whole mass of air surrounding the earth, the air of a locality, a surrounding influence or environment, the overall aesthetic effect of a work of art, an intriguing or singular tone, effect, or appeal† here is explained as follows: â€Å"the area of air and gas enveloping objects in space, like stars and planets, or the air around any location,† or â€Å"an overall feeling and/or effect of a place, specially if it is an environment of pleasure or interest.† This site also provides links to other dictionaries as well as other resources. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Book Reviews category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Opening Lines to Inspire the Start of Your Story50 Latin Phrases You Should KnowHow Do You Pronounce "Often"?

William Faulkner's use of Theme in A Rose for Emily Essay

William Faulkner's use of Theme in A Rose for Emily - Essay Example Perhaps this is most prominently witnessed in his short story ‘A Rose for Emily’. This story explores the macabre and desolate life of a woman named Emily as she experiences a number of life setbacks before finally settling into a reclusive existence. While containing southern gothic tendencies, the story is characteristic of Faulkner’s style in terms of theme. This essay argues that Faulkner implements a number of thematic elements in Faulkner’s ‘A Rose for Emily’. Perhaps the most pervasive theme in ‘A Rose for Emily’ is the power and exploration of death. This is perhaps one of the most important elements in articulating the story as an element of southern gothic literature, and it gives the tale a sort of surreal touch. Faulkner begins the narrative in reverse, already stating that Emily Grierson, the main focus of the story is deceased. Faulkner writes, â€Å"When Emily Grierson died, our whole town went to the funeral† (Faulkner, web). While this is only a narrative element, it’s position as the first sentence of the story is notable as it sets the general thematic tone for the tale. In addition to Emily’s death the story also indicates that Emily’s father died. Faulkner advances the thematic power of death in this instance by demonstrating that it extremely impacted Emily’s existence.

Descartes - A Piece of Wax Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Descartes - A Piece of Wax - Essay Example There are many principles which create certain thought which will lead us to conclude something that is usually consistent and powerful. We guide our lives by these thoughts and ideas. And much of this comes about because of our faculties, which allows us to sense things in different magnitudes. Our five senses can lead us to believe in things that may fail us. During Descartes’ second meditation, he decides that everything he sees is not really there. What our eyes perceive may be a result of what the world has labeled to be real. But what our minds observe, gives us greater insight into the world around us. II. Our Mind’s Observations The observation of the world around Descartes has caused him to take a step back and view his life in a different manner. He creates doubt within his own mind because without doubt, he holds that one is naive in their thinking. Doubt allows for reflection and with reflection comes the knowledge of what needs to improve and how one may go about with the improvement. Without doubt, life in itself is blissful. The doubt that Descartes experiences is so powerful that he feels he can’t just forget what he is thinking. He has to act upon this new found doubt and get to the root of the problem. III. Doubt and Certainty For Descartes, the root of the problem is not doubt. Part of Descartes meditation lends closer towards finding out what is being doubted and he states that he will not rest until his longing to find what is certain is satisfied. He is so adamant to find a solution that he is willing to compromise. That compromise is him relinquishing all rights to finding what is certain and being ok with the fact that nothing may be certain in the end. Certainty is not guaranteed. In much of Descartes writings he makes arguments that cause one to think about their existence, the purpose of their existence and the end result. Observing a piece of wax lends towards his argument on the fact that the mind is more certai nly known than the body due to perception. He says that all knowledge of external objects, including his body, could be false as a result of a demon. However, the idea that his mind exists cannot be a deception because his nature is not just made up of the body but also of a thinking thing. He says that even the corporal objects such as his own body is known more distinctly through the mind due to how the mind perceives what is in front of it. IV. Perception’s Relativity Perception is key to knowledge. Such is the idea of wax that Descartes was vehemently focusing on during his second meditation. As the wax melts, he believes that our minds begin to perceive its matter differently. Our mind realizes that the purpose of the wax has changed and can no longer be used in the way that the world has previously dictated. The properties create a new and yet meaningful definition that only our intellect can comprehend. Though the property of the wax may have changed, it now lends to a new purpose but keeps the same name. Our minds know and understand that regardless of the property the wax may be in during a particular state, it still is and will always be a piece of wax. Descartes claims that we know this

Online vs. traditional classes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Online vs. traditional classes - Essay Example According to Parker, around 77% of the universities they surveyed were offering at least some form of online courses (Parker 1). Online classes have several benefits to offer as compared to traditional classes. These benefits include: increased accessibility, decrease in educational gap and ease of gaining education. Online education has increased the accessibility of education. When only traditional classroom style education was available a lot of individuals used to fail to get themselves enrolled in universities that they always wanted to. This was because these educational institutes had limited amount of seats available and because several individuals did not have the funding required to attend classes in these educational institutes. Online education does not require seats and does not require an individual to be physically available in a setting to gain education. Due to this people have started gaining online education in universities of their choice at a lower cost. Online education has even helped in decreasing the educational gap. The problem with traditional classroom education was that it was only accessible for those who belonged to families who can afford to get their children enrolled in the best universities by paying for their travelling costs and tuition fee. Due to this people living in developing nations and poorer regions of the world used to fail to gain education in the best universities around the world. This led to an increase in the gap between quality and quantity of education being obtained by rich and the poor. Online education is quite inexpensive and does not need huge amount of funds for travelling from one region to another and this enables the poor to attain education thus leading to a decrease in the gap of quality and quantity of education being obtained by rich and poor. Online education provides students with the ease of gaining education. Adults who work used to fail to gain education in physical classroom because

Understanding If The Iraq Wars Justified Politics Essay

Understanding If The Iraq Wars Justified Politics Essay The American war campaign against the military troops of Iraq began on 20th March 2003 with the invasion of Iraq by international troops led by United States of America and the United Kingdom. Then, the governments of the United States and United Kingdom and other European countries claimed that the possession of weapons of mass destruction by Iraq posed a threat to the international security. This assertion informed the invasion of Saddam Husseins Iraq by the United States and its allies. This invasion has proven to be an unjustified act after it was confirmed that the regime of Saddam Hussein had no weapons of mass destruction. In fact it was alleged that Saddam Hussein only bragged of possessing weapons of mass destruction so he could prevent the neighbouring Iran from ever considering invading his country. Why would the United States invade Saddam Husseins Iraq instead of going after the Taliban and the Al Qaeda terrorists groups? After the 2001 September 11 terrorist attacks, the Al Qaeda extremists admitted to being responsible for the bombings and Osama Bin Laden himself admitted to giving the directive for the bombing. It was only logical that the United States of America would pursue the extremists groups directly and swiftly. However, President Bushs advisers were wrong in going after Saddam Hussein instead of Osama Bin Laden. By then, Osama was still at large and offering more threats and so it would have been easier to find him and bring him to book for atrocious mass killing, than going against Saddam Hussein. Saddam Hussein in fact had no direct ties to the Al Qaeda or Taliban. The war in Iraq was pushed by the general objective of making the world a better place. The objective of the war was to convey a warning to other axis of evil nations to stop their uranium enrichment programs. The United States feared that if the Islamic Republic of Iraq enriched itself with uranium, this would spark a nuclear arms race. President George W Bush coined the term axis of evil, in January 2002 State of the Union Address in an apparent reference to nations that were sympathetic to the Al Qaeda terrorist group and other international terrorist organizations. After that address, the United States embarked on a war campaign that as at 22 August this year has cost the administration 743 billion dollars  [1]  . The cost of the war has been especially difficult to manage given the existent global economic climate. The effect of the Iraq war on the economy needs no advertising. The United States spends at least 200 million dollars on the Iraq war daily. In 2002, when President George W. Bushs economic adviser Larry Lindsey inferred that the war would cost approximately 200 billion dollars in the long run, people thought he had overestimated the costs. It is now clear that his estimation was a gross underestimation. The Iraq war has costs the United States taxpayer a whooping 730 billion dollars as at August 2010. President Bushs economical advisers anticipated a quick and reasonably inexpensive war, but instead the war dragged on and resulted in the deployment of more than 125,000 American soldiers. These American soldiers need food, shelter and at time entertainment and the only place they can derive these human wants is from Iraq. These soldiers have therefore been supplied by products made in Iraq and this has only helped build the Iraq economy while the United States economy continues to la nguish in budget deficits. Sustaining the large troop base in Iraq has meant the United States spent more and thereby accruing more debts. The major casualties of the Iraq war have been the innocent civilians caught in the cross fire between American forces and its allies against the insurgent. Data available indicating the death toll from the invasion is varied, but critically indicting of the war. Different groups have given different information regarding the actual or even projected figure of Iraqi casualties. The Associated Press gave its figure of civilian casualties at approximately 110, 500 deaths as at April of last year. Another organization called the Iraq Body Count, which collects a database of Iraqi civilian casualties, released a report in April this year indicating that around 105, 000 innocent residents lost their lives from the American offensive  [2]  . War, if absolutely necessary, is meant to deliver humans from suffering and not create suffering instead. The staggering number of civilian casualties makes the war in Iraq more harmful than helpful. This war has ravaged family units, displaced per sons from their homes and left millions living in perpetual fear of imminent death. In the aftermath of the war, America attempted to assist Iraq in managing their country and fighting insurgents, but this caused more harm than good to the general stability of the United States. There are growing doubts in the mainstream America about the administrations capability of winning the war. It is clearly known that the United States of America miserably failed in the Vietnam War three decades ago, and that severely affected the confidence the Americans had on their government ability to successfully complete an overseas mission. The Iraq war is having similar effects on the American psyche. Vietnam made Americans to doubt the governments stand on issues of foreign policy. This confidence by the citizens is further is crushed by realization that their government could wage war on a country based on false intelligence reports  [3]  . When the environmental or ecological effects of the war are assessed, more harm can be seen. The weapons used excreted chemical substances that polluted air, soil and water. These substances contained toxic materials such as hydrochloric acid, asbestos, dioxins and other harmful metals. This polluted the soil as the uranium released by combat troops killed some plant species. During the shock and awe, in the initial launch of attacks, there was thermal radiation excreted by heavy artillery. This thermal radiation caused death by ionising the body of Iraq civilians and American soldiers. In the course of the protracted war, many innocent civilians and soldiers suffered mechanical injuries that left them without limbs. A lot of complications arose due to the mechanical and ionising radiation such as infertility, blood disorders like blood cancer, and cataracts formation. It caused adverse effects on body organs and tissues formation i.e. radiation poisoning. It also caused genetic effe cts and birth defects that might subsequently be passed from current Iraq generation to the next generations. Pressure from heavy artillery employed in the war meant Iraqi civilians chances of survival depended on buildings they were staying in as the buildings can survive 0.8 bar of the heavy blasts, while a human can only withstand 2.0 bar of blast. The increased pressure caused by the blast caused burns of different types to the innocent casualties of the war. Examples are thermal burns from infrared radiation, beta burns from beta radiation and gamma burns from gamma radiation. Radiation also caused hair loss, other effects on the skin like ulceration, itching, flaking, inflammation and blistering. The war in Iraq is associated with other grave ills in the society. There has been significant movement of refugee populations from Iraq to its neighbouring countries of Syria and Jordan. The war has intensified terrorism across the borders of Syria-Iraq and Jordan-Iraq instead of curtailing it. The overthrowing of Saddam Hussein from the Iraqi presidency has intensified separatism in the country and propelled sectarian violence pitting the Sunni and Shiite Muslims to another level. Prior to invasion of Iraq, Saddam had managed to keep the two factions in harmonious coexistence. With the withdrawal of the allied forces from Iraq, it will be interesting to see whether the sectarian violence, transnational criminal activities in the Middle East and the cross-border terrorism will subside or intensify. A safe bet would be on deterioration of stability and security standards. The seven year war in Iraq has damaged the overall credibility of the United States as a world leader. Images of roadside civilian bombings, video footages of American soldiers torturing suspected terrorists and shipment of the suspected terrorist to Guantanamo bay has compounded the already bad image of the United States abroad. It can be recalled that the United States made a unilateral Iraqi invasion decision, in total disregard of the United Security Council opposition to the war and this has installed the perception of arrogance from the Americans in dealing with diplomatic issues  [4]  . These and other reasons make the United States Iraq war completely unjustified.

Creative People Essay -- Analysis, Dahlén

Dahlà ©n (2008) illustrates creative people as being distinguished by five paradoxes. These paradoxes states that: creative people are characterized by a large measure of conventionality and rebelliousness; creative people make extensive use of both divergent and convergent thinking; creative people are characterized by the fact that they have both abundant energy and a great need for relaxation; creative people is the combination of humility and pride; and creative people are to a great extent both introverted and extroverted (Dahlà ©n, 2008). Change and the accompanying uncertainty throw off ones equilibrium, yet it is these fluctuations, disturbances, and imbalances that are the primary sources of creativity. When considering the paradoxes presented by Dahlà ©n (2008) this writer is a creative person. Creativity is an aspect of human personality and a component of human development. This writer is very interested in coming up with new ideas or enhancing processes that are no longer effective. For example, this writer was recently asked by a manager in the organization, to look at ways the reporting process for the division could be enhanced to reduce the amount of time a State has to wait for a final report after an audit has been conducted. The normal timeframes were taking up to 18 months to produce a final audit report. By being a divergent thinker, this writer was able to look at all the factors and individuals involved in the report writing process and connect them to the end product to reduce the timeframe to 184 days. Dahlà ©n (2008) considers only one half of creative thinking as changing one’s thought process, and the other half is trying to combine ideas into creative results (p. 98). Creativity is the driving ... ...igh (Saednejad, 2008). In an educational organization thinking inside the box is the first step to creative thinking. In an educational setting it is critical to teach a child to think inside the box to avoid them from becoming critical of everything they encounter. It is important for children to learn the facts before they form their own opinion. Conclusion In conclusion, creative thinking is important for innovation. Creative thinking in business is widely viewed as a way to solve complex problems for the benefit of the organization. Change and the accompanying uncertainty throw off ones equilibrium, yet it is these fluctuations, disturbances, and imbalances that are the primary sources of creativity. Investment in creativity gives a company considerably more security than, for example, its assets, age, liquidity, growth or financial strategy.

Essay on Recession

Downturns are stressful and typically increase people's desire for simplicity. (Flatters and Wolcott, 2009, up. 3). Credit crunch has affected consumers massively. Consumers have to think where they need to shop and what they need to look for to avoid struggles during recession. Things Like food, bills, and mortgage have to be prioritize Instead of buying new house, furniture, going on holiday, spending money on social activities or buying trendy clothing. During recession consumers have to make sure that they find the products for the money they pay.Brand names are getting less important for people as their priorities are different this tough time. Customers are more likely to shop for clothes in supermarket now instead of designer clothing as they have to think about the future living and getting bargains is essential to survive. A lot of consumers changed the way they shop and where they shop. People started looking for bargains and they didn't care which shops offered them as lon g as It was the best deal. In other hand, a lot of consumers remained within their favorite shops.Rust and Cohort, (1993), tied In McCormick (2002,p. 1 1 2) found that loyal shoppers are more likely to ‘forgive' occasional service failures and the inertia factor within loyalty makes them less likely to switch stores. A lot of people don't like change and staying loyal is important for them as well as for the company. Conclusion Downturn has influenced consumer in different ways. Consumer had to change their lifestyle and adapt to the changes, but now people think about their future strongly avoiding the struggles created by recession.

Five methods of Departmentalization Essay

Essay Topic â€Å"What five methods have traditionally been used to departmentalize work and worker? Give one advantage and one disadvantage of each. Provide an example of functional departmentalization at your University and using the definitions in your textbook explain why it is suitable example. (Chapter 9)† In any size of the organization or complexity workplace, organizational structures are very important factors that the businesses must have, so the employee will know their position, their responsibilities and tasks. To develop and improve organization performance, the organization can use various structural can take on, however the organization need to find the best organisational structure that depends on many factors including the work, products or services, the size of the employee, geographic and target market (demographic customer’s base). The following section provides details of the five methods have traditionally been used to departmentalize employee and jobs, also advantage and disadvantage each of the methods. Traditional organizational structures are connections among these positions are demonstrated in an organisational Chart which will show how management is organized ‘vertical and horizontal configuration of departments, authority and job within a companyà ¢â‚¬â„¢ (Williams & McWilliams 2010, p.175) each of department has a manager, who runs day- to- day operations and ultimately report to the CEO, however this traditional model is common use in all church, government and military organization, because these organizations are stable, cannot respond to change and slow to act. For example every soldiers answer to his commanding officer, while the president is at the top of the chain as command-in-chief. Departmentalization is ‘the subdivision of work is the basic meaning of â€Å"forms†. The multidivisional form is defined as decentralized management structure; organized into products divisions, each division containing a unitary structure; and a central office to make to strategic decisions.’ (P. James L. 1997) generally the basic decisions that managers have to make as they develop a traditional organizational structure are using the five traditional methods of functional, product, customer, geographic and matrix departmentalization. Which mean two or more people working together as a group to complete a specific task, by divided the group to work in different departmentalization, to help achieve the  organization objectives and goals. However ‘Determining the functions to be performed involves consideration of division of labour,’ (P. Montanna &B. Charnov, 1993, p. 1) and depending on the size of the grouping that managers supervise. The degree of decision-making authority is centralization and usually were made by the top management of the highest vertically structures hierarchy. This section is additional detail and description of five methods has been used traditionally to departmentalization. Functional departmentalization: group of employee and job based on work performance, example finance and accounting, marketing and sale, human resource and administration and technical and operating. For another example of Functional departmentalization at Victoria University is Academic Support and Development because this department can students with University assessment tasks such as writing skills, reference skills, online language translator and providing expert support the student academic success and retention across the university. The advantage of functional departmentalization is efficiency of work and is to be done by specialist skills and high qualified. The disadvantage is inflexibility of work because the stuff only is qualifies for one specialisation. Products departmentalization: group of employee and work for producing major product or services area in the organization or company. Example David Jones, women’s clothing, men’s clothing, home and food. The advantage of the product departmentalization is that increases accountability for product performance and allow manager and employee work in one area of expertise. The disadvantage is the challenge of coordinating across different product departments. Customer departmentalization: group of employee and work into particular responsibility based on customer’s problem and need. Example: government, education, health, wholesale or retail. The advantage is focused on customer need rather than on products or business function. The disadvantage customer departmentalization is the satisfaction or feedback from customer is challenging of coordinating across different customer departments. Geographic Departmentalization: groups of employee and work ‘into separate units responsible for doing business in particular geographic area’ (Williams & McWilliams 2010, p.180). Example North, South, West, East). The advantage of geographic departmentalization is face to face communication between the service provider and service receiver. The  disadvantage is required more human capital and the control cannot exercise effectively. Matrix departmentalization: a combined of one or two group form of departmentalization are used together based on particular project, most often are from product and functional departmentalization working together. The advantage of matrix departmentalization is allowing the organization to efficiently manage large, complex tasks and efficiency avoiding duplication. The disadvantage is requires a high level of management skill and can cause of conflict between bosses in departments. Through a different perspective on the issue can be seen by comparing between traditional model and modern model of the organizational structures, the traditional of organizational structures is illustrated as have effectiveness and efficiency of products or services more than modern organizational structures. Because of emphasis on job specialization, highly performed on definite procedures and policy in the organization that effective work and worker, also the decentralization ‘is the location of most authority at the upper levels of the organization. In a centralized organization, manager makes the most decision, even the relatively small one’ (Williams & McWilliams 2010, p.185) which help and improve the organization achieve their objectives and goals are better and quicker than apply on modern organizational structures. For the modern or twentieth c entury organizational structures is redesigning of making objective and goals setting process is through empower worker. According to(Williams & McWilliams 2010, p.185) Empower worker means’ permanently passing decision –making authority and responsibility from managers to workers by giving them the information and resources they need to make and carry out good decisions’. Which means all the process need to be share to every levels and decentralized authority is allowing a significant amount of worker within the organization make the decision necessary to solve the problem. In conclusion the traditional organizational structures has five methods been used to departmentalizing work and workers such as the work Functional performs, the Product or Service offered, the target Customer or client, the Geographic region covered and the Matrix project that is combine or form two or more departmentalization to work together. These methods are used to in organization which effect work and worker with the best contribute to accomplishment organization’s objectives and goals. Reference list Brews. P.J & Tucci. C. L, 2004, ‘exploring the structural effect of internetworking’, strategic management journal, vol. 25. No. 5, pp. 429-451 Woll .L.F.K & Moliance. M, 2013’do organizational structure, ‘work environment and gender matter?’ creatively and implementations of new ideas, international journal of gender and entrepreneurship, vol. 5. No.3. pp. 298-315 Dufty.N, 1996, ‘ a note on departmentalization in an institute of technology’, journal of education administration, vol. 4. No. 1, pp. 32-48 Williams. C & McWilliams. A, 2010, MGMT 1st Asian Pacific Edition, Cengage Learning Australia Pty, South Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Price. L. J, 1997, ‘handbook of organization measurement’, international journal of Manpower, vol. 18 Iss 4/5/6 pp.305-558 P. Montanna & B. Charnov, 1993, ‘chapter 11: organizational structures: concepts and formats’, management: A streamlined course for students & business people . (Hauppauge, New York: Barron’s Business Reviewed Series), pp. 155-169